Each card = narrator · key Arabic phrase · meaning · lessons · scholarly note. Note the two short, heavily-tested phrases here: لاَ تَغْضَبْ (16) and the three cases for blood (14).
Depth, proofs and word-meanings behind each hadith card.
Hadith 13 — Love for your brother, deeper
- The narrator: Anas ibn Mālik, kunyah Abū Ḥamzah (given by the Prophet ﷺ); he served him ten years and the Prophet ﷺ made duʿāʾ for him — abundant wealth, many children, long life.
- "Does not believe" = faith not complete (not its total absence) — a common hadith construction.
- The complementary half: "and he dislikes for his brother what he dislikes for himself"; khayr = the good of both worlds.
- Faith increases and decreases (al-īmānu yazīdu wa-yanquṣu — Ahl as-Sunnah): it rises with good deeds and falls with sin.
- Two supporting hadiths: the believers are "like a building, parts bracing each other" and "like one body" — the brotherhood of Salmān, Bilāl and Ṣuhayb across races.
Hadith 14 — Sanctity of a Muslim's blood, deeper
- Naming the cases: (1) the thayyib/married (muḥṣan) who commits zinā, (2) an-nafs bi-n-nafs = qiṣāṣ, (3) the one who leaves his religion and the community (murtadd); the ruling covers men and women.
- Four Qur'anic proofs: "وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ" (17:33); "فَمَن شَاءَ فَلْيُؤْمِن وَمَن شَاءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ" (18:29); "لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ وَلِيَ دِينِ" (109:6); and conviction for zinā needs four eyewitnesses.
- maqāṣid: this hadith preserves ḥifẓ an-nafs (life) and ḥifẓ an-nasl (lineage); the ḥudūd are legislated to deter — "وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ" (2:179).
- The apostate clause targets one who leaves Islam and turns hostile/treasonous against the community, not a private believer — "لَا إِكْرَاهَ فِي الدِّينِ" (2:256). (Abū Ḥanīfah alone held a Muslim is liable to qiṣāṣ for killing a non-Muslim.)
Hadith 15 — Speak good; honour neighbour & guest, deeper
- The structure: "مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ" is repeated three times, once before each command — faith is proven by conduct.
- Honouring the neighbour, concretely: no injustice, visit him when sick, attend his funeral, share his occasions, send him cooked food.
- Neighbour & guest are honoured regardless of religion: jār is general (Christian, Hindu, Jew); the Prophet ﷺ hosted a Christian delegation in the mosque.
Hadith 16 — "Do not get angry", deeper
- What it means: not "never feel anger" but control it and don't act on it — and avoid the known triggers. The man who asked is identified as Abū Dardāʾ (and he repeated the request several times).
- "The strong man" hadith: "لَيْسَ الشَّدِيدُ بِالصُّرَعَةِ، إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيدُ الَّذِي يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ" — strength is self-control in anger.
- Qur'anic virtue: "وَالْكَاظِمِينَ الْغَيْظَ وَالْعَافِينَ عَنِ النَّاسِ" (3:134) — restraint counts most when you have power to retaliate.
- Blameworthy vs praiseworthy anger: anger at injustice and falsehood is required; only self-centred anger is blamed. The four temperaments run from slow-to-anger/quick-to-cool (best) to the reverse (worst).
Hadith 17 — Iḥsān in all things, deeper
- Three senses of iḥsān: (1) doing good/a favour to others — "هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ" (55:60); (2) itqān — perfecting the deed; (3) iḥsān of worship — "as though you see Him."
- Three Qur'anic angles: command — "إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ" (16:90); reward — 55:60; love — "إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ" (2:195). And toward parents: "وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا" (17:23).
- Iḥsān is an attribute of Allah: "الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَهُ" (32:7) — the precision of creation (orbits, "أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ" 95:4).
- itqān in everyday work: excellence so good no supervisor is needed — even digging a grave should be done neatly. kataba = "made obligatory" (cf. "كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ" 2:183).
📋 Extra exam facts
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The shortcut grid — number → theme keyword → narrator.
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12 questions. Score 80%+ on first try to mark this lesson done.