Each card = narrator · key Arabic phrase · meaning · lessons · the famous scholarly note. The first three hadith (intentions, Jibril, pillars) get the most detailed questions.
Depth, proofs and word-meanings from Sheikh H L M Haris's recorded lectures (videos 5–10) —
behind each hadith card. Tag ▶ V8 §44 = video 8, section 44. Off-topic sermons &
Q&A are kept in From the lectures so nothing is lost.
Hadith 1 — Intentions (niyyah), deeper
- "Innamā" = a particle of restriction (ḥaṣr): "actions are nothing but by intentions." ▶ V5 §24
- Three kinds of ʿamal the niyyah governs: ʿamal al-jawāriḥ (limbs), ʿamal al-lisān (tongue), ʿamal al-qalb (heart). ▶ V5 §25–28
- Niyyah's second function = tamyīz al-ʿamal (distinguishing acts — ʿAṣr vs nafl, farḍ vs sunnah), besides directing the deed to Allah. ▶ V5 §41–48
- A sincere intention blocked by a valid excuse still earns full reward: Q4:100 (one who dies emigrating), the excused stay-behinds "كَانُوا مَعَكُمْ", and the tahajjud-sleeper "كُتِبَ لَهُ مَا نَوَى". ▶ V6 §2–9
- Intending a sin but not acting on it is written as a good deed (the ledger of deeds is asymmetric in mercy). ▶ V6 §10–15
- Two conditions for any accepted deed: (1) ikhlāṣ (sincerity — from this hadith) and (2) conformity to the Sunnah (from Hadith 5). Imam Aḥmad: "Islam is built on three hadiths" — 1, 5 and 6. ▶ V5 §35–39
Hadith 2 — Jibrīl: islam, imān, iḥsān, deeper
- Iḥsān has two stations (maqāmān): mushāhadah ("as if you see Him" → khashyah) and murāqabah ("He sees you"). ▶ V6 §96–104
- Islam vs Imān rule: when paired in one text, Islam = outward acts and Imān = the inward; when each is used alone, each carries the whole religion. ▶ V6 §105–109
- Imān has three components (Ahl as-Sunnah): taṣdīq bi-l-qalb + iqrār bi-l-lisān + ʿamal bi-l-jawāriḥ — heart-assent alone is not complete īmān. ▶ V7 §38–42
- The stranger's posture: intense-white garments, jet-black hair, no trace of travel; he sat knee-to-knee, palms on his thighs — and astonishingly both asked and confirmed ("صَدَقْتَ"). ▶ V6 §44–52
- The punchline: "That was Jibrīl — he came to teach you your religion"; Nawawī: the hadith "gathers many kinds of knowledge." ▶ V6 §65–67, §80–82
Hadith 3 — Islam built on five, deeper
- Pillar word-glosses: iqāmu-ṣ-ṣalāh = establish it upright/in its time; ītāʾ az-zakāh = giving; ḥajj = qaṣd (purposeful heading); ṣawm = imsāk (abstaining). ▶ V7 §34–37
- Zakāh's two meanings: ṭahārah (purification) and barakah (growth); 2.5% after the niṣāb — "خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ" (9:103). ▶ V7 §53–57
- The image: Islam is a great building on five pillars — shake one and the structure shakes — yet Islam is more than five: a complete system for life. ▶ V7 §58–62
Hadith 4 — Creation & qadar, deeper
- Ibn Masʿūd's emphatic title for the Prophet ﷺ: aṣ-Ṣādiq al-Maṣdūq — the truthful one whose truth is confirmed by revelation (he reserved it for this hadith). ▶ V8 §4–9, §39–43
- Qur'anic parallel for the stages: Q23:12–14 (sulālah → nuṭfah → ʿalaqah → muḍghah → ʿiẓām → laḥm) "فَتَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ". ▶ V8 §24–25
- The differing Ḥudhayfah ibn Usayd hadith (angel sent after 42 nights, shaping hearing/sight/skin) is reconciled with this one by jamʿ; Bukhārī's wording is the soundest. ▶ V8 §26–33
- Qadar precisely: Allah's knowledge and power are absolute; the writing records His foreknowledge — it does not compel the slave's choice. Duʿāʾ "يَا مُقَلِّبَ الْقُلُوبِ ثَبِّتْ قَلْبِي عَلَى دِينِكَ". ▶ V8 §55–66
- "Deeds are by their endings" (al-aʿmāl bi-l-khawātīm): the wounded fighter who killed himself ended in the Fire — never write anyone off, and never feel secure. ▶ V8 §44–53
Hadith 5 — Rejected innovation (bidʿah), deeper
- Why both wordings matter: "مَنْ أَحْدَثَ" catches the inventor; "مَنْ عَمِلَ" catches whoever merely practises a baseless act. ḥadīth itself shares the root of aḥdatha = "new". ▶ V9 §18–23
- ash-Shāṭibī's definition of bidʿah (3 elements): an invented way in the religion, resembling the legislated, intended as exaggerated devotion. ▶ V9 §34–39
- Bidʿah is in the religion only: worldly innovation (registers/dīwān in ʿUmar's time, agriculture, travel) is open and can be praiseworthy. ▶ V9 §40–50
- Five reasons Islam is strict about bidʿah: it rivals the Lawgiver; the dīn is already perfected (Q5:3 "الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ"); it burdens an easy religion; "each bidʿah kills a Sunnah"; and it corrupts ʿaqīdah. ▶ V10 §1–11
Hadith 6 — Lawful, unlawful & doubtful, deeper
- mushtabih vs mutashābih — don't confuse them: mushtabih = genuinely doubtful (ḥalāl or ḥarām?); mutashābih = merely resembling in appearance (like the fruits of Paradise, alike to look at, different in taste). ▶ V10 §47–52
- The default-ruling principle: in worldly things al-aṣl al-ibāḥah (permitted until proof forbids); in worship the default is restriction (nothing without proof) — tying H6 back to H5. ▶ V10 §75–83
- Nawawī's five levels of waraʿ: leave the ḥarām · do the farḍ · leave the makrūh · do the mandūb · leave the doubtful. ▶ V10 §58–60
- The Prophet's ﷺ own scruple: he ate a stray date, then feared it was from ṣadaqah (forbidden to him) and could not rest — living the caution he taught. ▶ V10 §84–88
📋 Extra exam facts (from the lectures)
| Point | Recall |
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The shortcut grid — number → theme keyword → narrator. Drill this until you can recite it cold.
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16 questions (the last four 📹 from the lectures). Score 80%+ on first try to mark this lesson done.